Wednesday, 8 October 2014

A Hot Noon in Malabar by kamala das

 This is a noon for beggars with whining Voices, a noon for men who come from hills With parrots in a cage and fortune-cards, All stained with time, for brown Kurava girls With old eyes, who read palm in light singsong Voices, for bangle-sellers who spread On the cool black floor those red and green and blue Bangles, all covered with the dust of roads, Miles, grow cracks on the heels, so that when they Clambered up our porch, the noise was grating, Strange. This is a noon for strangers who part The window-drapes and peer in, their hot eyes Brimming with the sun, not seeing a thing in Shadowy rooms and turn away and look So yearningly at the brick-ledged well.  This Is a noon for strangers with mistrust in Their eyes, dark, silent ones who rarely speak At all, so that when they speak, their voices Run wild, like jungle-voices. Yes, this is A noon for wild men, wild thoughts, wild love. To Be here, far away, is torture.  Wild feet Stirring up the dust, this hot noon, at my Home in Malabar, and I so far away.

Obituary

By A.K. Ramanujan
Father, when he passed on,  left dust  on a table of papers,  left debts and daughters,  a bedwetting grandson  named by the toss  of a coin after him,   
a house that leaned  slowly through our growing  years on a bent coconut  tree in the yard.  Being the burning type,  he burned properly  at the cremation   
as before, easily  and at both ends,  left his eye coins  in the ashes that didn't  look one bit different,  several spinal discs, rough,  some burned to coal, for sons   
to pick gingerly  and throw as the priest  said, facing east  where three rivers met  near the railway station;  no longstanding headstone  with his full name and two dates     
to holdin their parentheses  everything he didn't quite  manage to do himself,  like his caesarian birth  in a brahmin ghetto  and his death by heart-  failure in the fruit market.   
But someone told me  he got two lines  in an inside column  of a Madras newspaper  sold by the kilo  exactly four weeks later  to streethawkers   
who sell it in turn  to the small groceries  where I buy salt,  coriander,  and jaggery  in newspaper cones  that I usually read   
for fun, and lately  in the hope of finding  these obituary lines.  And he left us  a changed mother  and more than   one annual ritual.

Journey to the Interio

Journey to the Interior – Margaret Atwood
 Sound Effects

Read the poem aloud. Comment on the Sound Effects,  verbal music. It’s rhyme. Rhythm  and melody. Assonance, alliteration. onomatopoeia. etc. (Blending repetition patterns. slow/fast movement, harsh, discordant, sibilance, sotto, allegro,  Rhapsodic, lyrical, elegiac,  upbeat,  blue, staccato,  dirge, ode,   Melody. tone. mood. atmosphere. voice.
This is a subtle, many layered poem with nuances that may be contradictory and therefore wide open to multiple interpretations.  The dream like (surreal) mood is created by a pensive, reflective musing tone, at times morbid or melancholic.  Written in post-modern style with multiple allusions and disparate images, it communicates in lateral thinking rather than logical sequential processes.  The free verse with few euphonic or melodious words evokes sombre responses.  The intimate conversational voice of the persona seductively engages the responder inclusively with involvement and identification . 
II Subject Matter
The poet (persona) is embarking on an imaginary or inner journey and compares it to that of an explorer broaching new undiscovered, unchartered and unmapped territory. (A Heart of Darkness)  It is the inner mind, minus its public face or mask interiorising, re-evaluating, analysing the purpose and direction of life
While the similarities of a voyage of discovery are more tangible and concrete, the differences suggest intangible or metaphysical aspects of the interior life.

III Themes
The inner life is complex and if delved into too deeply can be confronting, demoralising and depressing, leading to madness, even self harm.
Life can be absurd, meaningless, directionless, even futile.
Sensory perceptions and rational thought processes are not always reliable to gain true self-insight rather a holistic emotional and lateral thinking are needed.
Language can be inadequate or an obstacle to express the depth of our feelings.
IV. TECHNIQUE
Structure: linear, circular, episodic, flash backs,  climatic.     Images: (visual,  auditory, o1factory,  tactile, ,gustatory) figures  of speech:  similes, metaphors, personification, analogy, synecdoche, contrast, antithesis, unity,  irony, Allusions,  etc
Clearly two stanzas, one of similarities juxtaposed with the differences between a physical Journey and an introspective one. There is an element of Déjà vu in the “a fallen log I’m sure I passed yesterday”.
Images :  Hills  - deceptive - an optical illusion – mirage?
          Swamps, poor country -  suggestion of a deprived upbringing?
          Cliff – deceptively smooth from a distance.
          Squares (of maps) circles – globes – “walking in circles”
          Tangle of branches, brambles, sodden log, all nuisance –    impediments
          Light and dark  -  bi-polar experiences of life.
          Maps, charts, compasses  - No reliable answers in dogma or formulae
          Shoe among brambles under chair – careless or neglect?
          Lucent white mushrooms -  trance- hallucinatory?
Paring knife -  dual function of:  sustenance or death – affirmation or denial  of life.
Sentence crossing my path – futility of language no communication.
Sun – archetype of law, reason regularity.  Not in modern absurd world.

V. LANGUAGE:
 Approach: Subjective/Objective,  Attitude or Tone,  Audience,   Style: diction, word play, puns,  connotative/denotative,   emotive (coloured biased,) /demotive, (technical, dispassionate)  clichés, proverbial, idiomatic, expressive, flat,  Jargon,  euphemisms, pejorative, oxymoron.   Gender biases. Register:  formal, stiff, dignified  or Colloquial;  relaxed, conversational, inclusive, friendly  or Slang;  colourful, intimate,  Rhetorical devices;  Questions,  exclamations,  cumulation,  crescendo,  inversion,  bathos,  repetition,  3 cornered phrases. 

As the subject is ruminative, the approach is intensely subjective, private, personal and intimate as indicated by the language, especially first and second person pronouns.
 The possessive, “your shoe” is inclusive and universal seducing us to identify and accept the situation as similar to our own.
The informal register, colloquial language and lack of proverbs, axioms or rhetoric combine to create a relaxed appealing introspective mood.  
The major repetition the demonstrative adjective, “that” (six times) which not only identifies but distinguishes.


A River

By A.K.Ramanujan

In Madurai,
city of temples and poets,
who sang of cities and temples,
every summer
a river dries to a trickle
in the sand,
baring the sand ribs,
straw and women's hair
clogging the watergates
at the rusty bars
under the bridges with patches
of repair all over them
the wet stones glistening like sleepy
crocodiles, the dry ones
shaven water-buffaloes lounging in the sun
The poets only sang of the floods.

He was there for a day
when they had the floods.
People everywhere talked
of the inches rising,
of the precise number of cobbled steps
run over by the water, rising
on the bathing places,
and the way it carried off three village houses,
one pregnant woman
and a couple of cows
named Gopi and Brinda as usual.

The new poets still quoted
the old poets, but no one spoke
in verse
of the pregnant woman
drowned, with perhaps twins in her,
kicking at blank walls
even before birth.

He said:
the river has water enough
to be poetic
about only once a year
and then
it carries away
in the first half-hour
three village houses,
a couple of cows
named Gopi and Brinda
and one pregnant woman
expecting identical twins
with no moles on their bodies,
with different coloured diapers
to tell them apart.